Lab 6: OSPF Network Types & Cost Manipulation | Lab Hands-on MikroTik

🎯 Sasaran Praktikum

Membandingkan network type PtP vs Broadcast dan manipulasi cost untuk traffic engineering.

Tingkat Kesulitan: INTERMEDIATE
Estimasi Waktu: 30 Menit
Target RouterOS: RouterOS v7 (v7.12+ recommended)

⚖️ Analisis Transisi: RouterOS v6 vs RouterOS v7

Topik ini memiliki perbedaan arsitektur dan sintaks CLI penting antara RouterOS v6 dan RouterOS v7:

Aspek	RouterOS v6 (Legacy)	RouterOS v7 (Modern)
Routing Architecture	Single-threaded route engine lama	Multi-threaded kernel 5.x routing stack
Sintaks Konfigurasi	Menu legacy v6	Menu modern v7

Ulasan Arsitektur & Perbedaan Kunci

RouterOS v6: Di RouterOS v6, tipe network (broadcast/ptp) dan cost diatur per-interface di /routing ospf interface add interface=etherX cost=10 network-type=point-to-point.
RouterOS v7: Di RouterOS v7, tipe network dan cost dikonfigurasi melalui interface template /routing ospf interface-template add area=... interfaces=... type=ptp cost=... yang jauh lebih fleksibel berbasis wildcard atau interface langsung.

Perbandingan CLI Konfigurasi Berdampingan

Perbandingan CLI RouterOS v6

# RouterOS v6 - Interface Type & Cost
/routing ospf interface
add interface=ether2 network-type=point-to-point cost=50
add interface=ether3 network-type=broadcast cost=10

Perbandingan CLI RouterOS v7 (Rekomendasi Ujian MTCRE Baru)

# RouterOS v7 - Interface Template Type & Cost
/routing ospf interface-template
add area=backbone interfaces=ether2 type=ptp cost=50
add area=backbone interfaces=ether3 type=broadcast cost=10

🗺️ Topologi Jaringan

[R1] <--- Path A (Cost 10) ---> [R2] | [R1] <--- Path B (Cost 100) ---> [R2]

Daftar Perangkat dalam Topologi:

R1-Edge (mikrotik) - Interfaces: ether1 (mgmt), ether2, ether3, ether4
R2-Core-Fast (mikrotik) - Interfaces: ether1 (mgmt), ether2, ether3, ether4
R3-Core-Slow (mikrotik) - Interfaces: ether1 (mgmt), ether2, ether3, ether4
R4-Destination (mikrotik) - Interfaces: ether1 (mgmt), ether2, ether3, ether4

🛠️ Langkah Konfigurasi Lengkap (RouterOS v7)

Langkah 1: R1 - Ubah OSPF cost pada interface tertentu

# Node: R1
/routing ospf interface-template set [find networks="172.16.12.0/30"] cost=10
/routing ospf interface-template set [find networks="172.16.14.0/30"] cost=100

📥 Panduan Lengkap & Resource

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