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Modul Bab 4: Telemetri, Prometheus Exporter & Grafana Dashboard
Perbandingan SNMP vs Prometheus exporter, metrics time-series, dan arsitektur dashboard monitoring enterprise.
Format: Markdown (.MD)•File:
bab_4_telemetri_monitoring_grafana.md•Sasaran: Praktisi & DevOpsFilter Versi CLI:
Monitoring modern tidak lagi mengandalkan polling SNMP yang lambat dan membebani router. Dengan telemetri RouterOS v7, metrics diekspor menggunakan Prometheus MikroTik Exporter atau push telemetri menuju time-series database (VictoriaMetrics / Prometheus) dan divisualisasikan dalam dashboard Grafana yang real-time dan interaktif.
graph LR
R[MikroTik RouterOS v7] -->|API Port 8728 / REST| EXP[MikroTik Exporter
Docker Container] EXP -->|Prometheus Metrics :9436| PROM[Prometheus TSDB] PROM -->|Query PromQL| GRAF[Grafana Enterprise Dashboard] GRAF -->|Alerting| TG[Telegram / Slack NOC Bot]
Docker Container] EXP -->|Prometheus Metrics :9436| PROM[Prometheus TSDB] PROM -->|Query PromQL| GRAF[Grafana Enterprise Dashboard] GRAF -->|Alerting| TG[Telegram / Slack NOC Bot]
4.1 Konsep Time-Series Metrics vs SNMP #
- SNMP: Pull-based, query berulang setiap 5 menit, OID kompleks, pemakaian memori router tinggi.
- Prometheus Exporter: Scrape HTTP terpusat, mengumpulkan data latency, bandwidth interface per detik, CPU load, suhu router, dan status BGP session dalam format key-value standar.
4.2 Menyiapkan MikroTik Exporter dengan Docker Compose #
YAML
version: '3.8'
services:
mikrotik-exporter:
image: nshttpd/mikrotik-exporter:latest
container_name: mikrotik-exporter
restart: always
ports:
- "9436:9436"
volumes:
- ./config.yml:/etc/mikrotik-exporter/config.yml:ro
prometheus:
image: prom/prometheus:latest
container_name: prometheus
volumes:
- ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
ports:
- "9090:9090"
grafana:
image: grafana/grafana-oss:latest
container_name: grafana
ports:
- "3000:3000"
environment:
- GF_SECURITY_ADMIN_PASSWORD=adminsecret